Korelasi Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Pertambahan Berat Badan Menurut The Institute of Medicine (IOM) selama Kehamilan terhadap Kejadian Persalinan Ekstraksi Vakum dan Persalinan Normal

Yeni Komala; Tita Husnitawati Madjid; Hartanto Bayuaji

doi:10.24198/obgynia.v5i1.310

Korelasi Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Pertambahan Berat Badan Menurut The Institute of Medicine (IOM) selama Kehamilan terhadap Kejadian Persalinan Ekstraksi Vakum dan Persalinan Normal

Yeni Komala, Tita Husnitawati Madjid, Hartanto Bayuaji

Abstract

Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan penambahan berat badan menurut The Institute of Medicine (IOM) beserta besaran risiko terjadinya persalinan dengan ekstraksi vakum.
Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan metode case control dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien yang bersalin dengan bantuan ekstraksi vakum dan spontan pada empat rumah sakit di Kota Bandung tahun 2016–2020 secara random sampling sebanyak 460 responden.
Hasil: Karakteristik pada persalinan ekstraksi vakum maupun persalinan spontan tidak berbeda. Rerata usia ibu saat bersalin pada kelompok persalinan ekstraksi vakum lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan persalinan spontan (29 tahun vs 27 tahun). Pada kelompok persalinan ekstraksi vakum, proporsi primigravida lebih tinggi dibandingkan persalinan spontan, namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p=0,217). Skor APGAR <7 pada menit pertama lebih banyak didapatkan dari bayi yang lahir dengan bantuan ekstraksi vakum (28,1%). Terdapat 3% bayi pada kelompok ekstraksi vakum dengan berat lahir di atas 4000 gram, kondisi ini bermakna secara statistik.
Kesimpulan: IMT gemuk saat awal kehamilan bersifat protektif 0,27 kali terhadap persalinan ekstraksi vakum, sedangkan penambahan berat badan diatas rekomendasi IOM selama kehamilan meningkatkan risiko 9,76 kali untuk terjadinya persalinan dengan bantuan ekstraksi vakum.

Relationship between Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gajn According to the Institute of Medicine on the Incidence of Vacuum Extraction

Abstract
Objective: To determine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy weight gain according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the magnitude of the risk of delivery by vacuum extraction.
Methods: This was a case control study using secondary data from medical records of 460 patients who gave birth with vacuum extraction and spontaneous delivery at four hospitals in Bandung West Java in 2016–2020.
Results: The characteristic were similar in both groups. The mean maternal age at delivery in the vacuum extraction group was higher than in the spontaneous delivery group (29 years vs. 27 years). In the vacuum extraction group, the proportion of primigravida was higher than that of spontaneous labor, but it was not statistically significant (p=0.217). The APGAR score <7 in the first minute was obtained more from babies born with vacuum extraction (28.1%). There were 3% of babies in the vacuum extraction group with birth weight above 4000 grams, this condition was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Mothers with obese BMI during early pregnancy are 0.27 times protective against vacuum extraction deliveries, while mothers whose weight gain is above the IOM recommendation during pregnancy have a 9.76 times risk of having vacuum extraction deliveries.

Key words : Body mass index, pregnancy weight gain, the institute of medicine, vacuum extraction delivery

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/obgynia.v5i1.310