Faktor-Faktor Risiko dan Komplikasi pada Preeklamsi dengan Sindroma HELLP

Rikki Fitriyadi Afandi; Anita Deborah Anwar; Hanom Husni Syam

doi:10.24198/obgynia.v1n2.39

Faktor-Faktor Risiko dan Komplikasi pada Preeklamsi dengan Sindroma HELLP

Rikki Fitriyadi Afandi, Anita Deborah Anwar, Hanom Husni Syam

Abstract

Abstrak
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya preeklamsi dengan sindroma HELLP, serta faktor yang memengaruhi keadaan ibu dan janin pada pasien dengan preeklamsi dengan atau tanpa sindroma HELLP.
Metode: Penelitian retrospektif ini mengambil subjek pada periode 1 Januari 2011−31 Desember 2016. Subjek dimasukkan ke dalam dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok preeklamsi tanpa sindroma HELLP dan kelompok preeklamsi dengan sindroma HELLP. Data berupa faktor risiko serta faktor yang memengaruhi keadaan ibu dan janin dari anamnesis riwayat penyakit dahulu pasien.
Hasil: Penelitian ini mengikutsertakan 200 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Ibu berusia lebih dari 35 tahun ditemukan pada 27% subjek di kelompok sindroma HELLP, sedangkan hanya 5% pada kelompok tanpa sindroma HELLP. Pada kelompok dengan sindroma HELLP ditemukan hematoma hepatik sebanyak 3%, tetapi tidak ada pada kelompok tanpa sindroma HELLP. Komplikasi janin yang paling banyak terjadi pada kelompok dengan sindroma HELLP dan kelompok tanpa sindroma HELLP adalah kelahiran prematur, yaitu masing-masing 42% dan 39%.
Kesimpulan: Sindroma HELLP sering terjadi pada subjek yang berusia diatas 35 tahun. Hematoma hepatik hanya ditemukan pada kelompok dengan sindroma HELLP. Kejadian komplikasi kelahiran prematur tinggi pada kedua kelompok.

Risk Factors and Complications in Preeclampsia with HELLP Syndrome

Abstract
Objective: This study is important to investigate the risk factors of preeclampsia with HELLP syndrome and the factors which influenced maternal and fetal condition in preeclampsia with or without HELLP syndrome patients.
Method: This was a retrospective study during 1st of January 2011 till 31st of December 2016 with preeclamptic patients as subjects. These subjects then were categorized into two groups, preeclampsia with HELLP syndrome group and preeclampsia without HELLP syndrome group. The data related to risk factors and factors which influenced maternal and fetal condition were taken from anamnesis of patients medical history.
Results: This study participated 200 subjects which were divided into two groups. Maternal age > 35 years old was found in 27% of with HELLP syndrome group, while only 5% in without HELLP syndrome group. Hepatic hematoma was found in 3% of HELLP syndrome group, but none in without HELLP syndrome group. Preterm birth in both groups was 42% and 39% respectively.
Conclusions: HELLP syndrome was more found in subjects whose age above 35. Hepatic hematoma was found only in HELLP syndrome group. The incidence of preterm birth was high in both groups.

Key words: Preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, risk factors, maternal complication, fetal complication.

Keywords

Preeklamsi, sindroma HELLP, faktor risiko, komplikasi ibu, komplikasi janin

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/obgynia.v1n2.39