Comparison of Clinical Characteristics between Pregnant Women Confirmed with Covid-19 with and Without Severe Preeclampsia

Roma Berlian Pangaribuan, Anita Deborah Anwar, RM Sonny Sasotya


Abstract


Background:Several clinical studies have reported that COVID-19 was associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and preeclampsia-like syndrome in infected pregnant women, but the results are still controversial. This study aims to compare the clinical characteristics of pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 with and without severe preeclampsia.
Methods:This retrospective study of pregnant women confirmed for COVID-19 was carried out at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin from April 1st, 2020 to April 30th, 2022. Epidemiological data, clinical features, and laboratory results of subjects with and without severe preeclampsia in pregnant COVID-19 patients were collected and analyzed
Results: Eighty-six subjects were in our study, with 42 subjects with severe preeclampsia and 44 subjects without severe preeclampsia. The average age of mothers in this study was 26 years, with a more significant proportion at term. The proportion of primigravida with severe preeclampsia was significantly more than those without severe preeclampsia (71.42% vs 29.54%, p=0.02). There was no significant difference in clinical severity between patients with or without severe preeclampsia (p>0.05). Comparing laboratory parameters showed significant differences in the laboratory characteristics of hemoglobin (28.57% vs 2.2%, p=0.03) and platelets (33.33% vs 4.54%, p=0.02).
Conclusion: Our study showed that the clinical characteristics and disease severity were not significantly different. Laboratory markers correlate significantly with the severity of maternal disease, so they can be used as prognostic indicators.

Perbandingan Karakteristik Klinis Ibu Hamil Terkonfirmasi Covid- 19 dengan dan Tanpa Preeklamsia Berat

Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Beberapa studi klinis telah melaporkan bahwa Infeksi COVID-19 dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko preeklamsia dan sindroma yang mirip preeklamsia pada wanita hamil yang terinfeksi, tetapi hasilnya masih kontroversial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan karakteristik klinis ibu hamil yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 dengan dan tanpa preeklamsia berat.
Metode: Penelitian secara retrospektif pada ibu hamil positif COVID-19 ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin dari tanggal 1 April 2020 sampai dengan 30 April 2022. Data berupa epidemiologi, gambaran klinis, hasil laboratorium subjek dengan dan tanpa preeklamsia berat pasien hamil COVID-19 dikumpulkan dan dianalisis
Hasil: Data yang berhasil dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah delapan puluh enam subjek yang terbagi atas 42 subjek dengan preeklamsia berat dan 44 subjek tanpa preeklamsia berat. Usia rata-rata ibu dalam penelitian ini 26 tahun, dengan proporsi yang lebih signifikan pada usia kehamilan cukup bulan. Proporsi primigravida dengan preeklamsia berat lebih signifikan dibandingkan dengan tanpa preeklamsia berat (71.42% vs 29.54%, p=0.02). Tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada keparahan klinis di antara pasien dengan atau tanpa preeklamsia berat (p>0.05). Perbandingan parameter laboratorium didapatkan perbedaan signifikan pada karakteristik laboratorium hemoglobin (28,57% vs 2.2%, p=0.03) dan trombosit (33.33% vs 4,54%, p=0.02).
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik klinis dan keparahan penyakit tidak berbeda secara signifikan pada kedua pasien. Penanda laboratorium berkorelasi signifikan dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit ibu sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai indikator prognostik.

Kata kunci: COVID-19, Karakteristik Klinis , Kehamilan, Preeklamsia Berat


Keywords


Characteristics, COVID-19, Pregnancy, Severe Preeclampsia

Full Text:

PDF

References


Livingston E, Bucher K. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy. Jama. 2020;323(14):1335-.

Gao Z, Xu Y, Sun C, Wang X, Guo Y, Qiu S, et al. A systematic review of asymptomatic infections with COVID-19. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 2021;54(1):12-6.

Bloise E, Zhang J, Nakpu J, Hamada H, Dunk CE, Li S, et al. Expression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 cell entry genes, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2, in the placenta across gestation and at the maternal-fetal interface in pregnancies complicated by preterm birth or preeclampsia. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2021;224(3):298. e1-. e8.

POGI. REKOMENDASI PENANGANAN INFEKSI VIRUS CORONA (COVID-19) PADA MATERNAL (HAMIL, BERSALIN DAN NIFAS). 2020.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. INFODATIN : Situasi Kesehatan Ibu. 2020.

Ahlberg M, Neovius M, Saltvedt S, Söderling J, Pettersson K, Brandkvist C, et al. Association of SARS-CoV-2 test status and pregnancy outcomes. Jama. 2020;324(17):1782-5.

Giardini V, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Casati M, Carrer A, Vergani P. Can Similarities between the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia and COVID-19 Increase the Understanding of COVID-19? International Journal of Translational Medicine. 2022;2(2):186-97.

Jayaram A, Buhimschi IA, Aldasoqi H, Hartwig J, Owens T, Elam GL, et al. Who said differentiating preeclampsia from COVID-19 infection was easy? Pregnancy hypertension. 2021;26:8-10.

Sathiya R, Rajendran J, Sumathi S. COVID-19 and Preeclampsia: Overlapping Features in Pregnancy. Rambam Maimonides medical journal. 2022;13(1).

Bergamaschi G, Borrelli de Andreis F, Aronico N, Lenti MV, Barteselli C, Merli S, et al. Anemia in patients with Covid-19: pathogenesis and clinical significance. Clinical and experimental medicine. 2021;21(2):239-46.

Faghih Dinevari M, Somi MH, Sadeghi Majd E, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Nikniaz Z. Anemia predicts poor outcomes of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients: a prospective study in Iran. BMC infectious diseases. 2021;21(1):170.

Ali AA, Rayis DA, Abdallah TM, Elbashir MI, Adam I. Severe anaemia is associated with a higher risk for preeclampsia and poor perinatal outcomes in Kassala hospital, eastern Sudan. BMC Research Notes. 2011;4(1):311.

Wool GD, Miller JL. The Impact of COVID-19 Disease on Platelets and Coagulation. Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology. 2021;88(1):15-27.

Ciobanu AM, Colibaba S, Cimpoca B, Peltecu G, Panaitescu AM. Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy. Maedica. 2016;11(1):55-60.

Mayama M, Morikawa M, Yamada T, Umazume T, Noshiro K, Nakagawa K, et al. Mild thrombocytopenia indicating maternal organ damage in pre‐eclampsia: a cross‐sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2021;21(1):91.

Papageorghiou AT, Deruelle P, Gunier RB, Rauch S, García-May PK, Mhatre M, et al. Preeclampsia and COVID-19: results from the INTERCOVID prospective longitudinal study. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. 2021;225(3):289.e1-.e17.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/obgynia.v7i3.701

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


     
 

Creative Commons License
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
  Web Analytics
  View My Stat