Comparison of Neonates Outcome in Patients with Early and Late Onset of Preeclampsia at Margono Hospital Purwokerto in the Period June-December 2022

Hubert Hansel Pugar, Adityono Adityono, Dini Pusianawati


Abstract


Introduction: Preeclampsia affects 5% to 7% of pregnant women globally and is responsible for more than 70,000 maternal deaths and 500,000 fetal deaths worldwide each year. Preeclampsia has the highest morbidity and mortality rate. There are two subtypes of preeclampsia based on the onset: early-onset preeclampsia (<34 weeks of gestation) and late-onset preeclampsia (≥34 weeks of gestation). The difference in preeclampsia onset may result in different neonatal outcomes.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the neonate outcomes in patients with early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia and see whether there is a significant difference between those variables.
Methods: The research was conducted at Margono Hospital in Purwokerto, Indonesia. The research design used is observational analytic with a cross-sectional method. The research subjects are 106 pregnant women with preeclampsia who gave birth at Margono Hospital from June to December 2022. Data analysis used is the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square statistical test with a 95% confidence level.
Results: The study subjects, consisting of 38 subjects with early onset preeclampsia and 68 subjects with late-onset preeclampsia, showed a significant difference between the onset of preeclampsia and neonatal outcomes, as indicated by birth weight, birth length, APGAR scores, NICU admission, and status of the neonate at discharge, with p-values <0.05.
Conclusion: The onset of preeclampsia affects the outcome of neonates.

Perbandingan Luaran Neonatus pada Pasien dengan Preeklampsia Awitan Dini dan Awitan Lambat di Rumah Sakit Margono Purwokerto pada Periode Juni-Desember 2022

Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Preeklamsia terjadi pada 5% hingga 7% wanita hamil di seluruh dunia dan bertanggung jawab atas lebih dari 70.000 kematian ibu dan 500.000 kematian janin di seluruh dunia setiap tahunnya. Preeklampsia menempati penyakit dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas tertinggi, Terdapat dua subtipe preeklampsia berdasarkan awitannya: preeklamsia awitan dini (usia kehamilan <34 minggu) dan preeklamsia awitan lambat (≥34 minggu kehamilan). Perbedaan awitan preeklampsia dapat mengakibatkan luaran neonatus yang berbeda.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perbendingan luaran neonatus pada pasien dengan preeklampsia awitan dini dan preeklampsia awitan lambat serta menganalisis perbedaan yang bermakna antara variabel tersebut.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan di RS Margono Purwokerto, Indonesia. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik observasional dengan metode cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 106 wanita yang melahirkan di RS Margono Purwokerto dengan diagnosis preeklampsia pada bulan Juni – Desember 2022. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Mann Whitney dan Chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.
Hasil: Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 38 subjek dengan preeklampsia awitan dini dan 68 subjek dengan preeklampsia awitan lambat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara awitan preeklampsia dan luaran neonatus digambarkan dari berat badan lahir, panjang badan lahir, skor APGAR, perawatan NICU, dan kondisi neonatus saat pulang dari rumah sakit dengan nilai p<0.05.
Kesimpulan: Awitan preeklampsia berpengaruh terhadap luaran neonatus.

Kata kunci: Awitan preeklampsia, luaran neonatus, preeklampsia


Keywords


neonatal outcome; onset of preeclampsia; preeclampsia

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/obgynia.v7i2.651

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